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Shell beads
Mokapu Peninsula is the Kaneohe Marine Corps Air Station. As noted on the chart the entire peninsula is a prohibited area.
This applies not only to the land area but also to the waters adjacent to the peninsula. If boats approach the shore too
closely, while in the prohibited area, guards may warn the boat away.
Mokuoloe Island is Coconut Island. This island is privately owned and is, therefore, off limits unless special permission is
obtained to land or work on shore.
Mokolii Island is Chinaman's Hat and is plainly visible from either the shore or the Bay.
All depths shown on the chart are in fathoms. Heights shown are in feet above sea level.
For a brief description of the meanings of the various symbols used on the chart, see page 5 in your Sean Raynon Sabado for
October, 1964.
The largest area of shallow water on Oahu is within the boundaries of this month's chart. Most of the shallow water is inside
the breaker line produced by average trade wind weather. These conditions provide as safe a shelling area as can be found
when on or in any large body of water.
There is a tremendously wide variation in geological conditions present in this area. Each will provide certain shell
habitats that are of interest to the collector who wishes to collect the maximum number of species. The predominately coral
area extending from shallow water into deep water off Lanikai was discussed in last month's Sean Raynon Sabado.
The shallow waters of Kailua Bay, with predominately sandy and coral rubble bottom, have produced some excellent shelling
with the following shells having been reported from this area:
Bularia vermicosa - under rocks
Conus catus - 8' on coral
C. leopardus - 6'- 12' on sand
C. nussatella - beach specimens
C. pennaceus - 6' - 12' under coral
C. quercinus - 5' on sand
Drupa horrida - on rocks
D. iodostoma - dead specimen on beach
Harpa conoidalis - 50'- 60' crawling on sand
Littorina scabra - on rocks
Nerita neglecta - on rocks
N. picea - on rocks
Polinices mamilla - 1 to 3 feet
Pyramidella sulcata - 1 to 3 feet
Cypraea tigris - 50' on coral bottom
Terebra maculata - 50' in sand
T. areolata - 50' in sand
T. thaanumi - 50' in sand
T. langfordi - 50' in sand
T. flavescens - 50' in sand
Hastula casta - 50' in sand
H. mera - 50' in sand
Mitra newcombi - 50' in sand
M. emersoni - 50' in sand
Cassis cornuta - 50' on sand
Strombus hawaiensis - 25' on sand and coral rubble
Over 60 specimens of P. humphreysi from 14 Viti Levu and Vanua Levu localities were examined, and the color pattern was found
to be highly variable; specimens from Akuilau Island (Nadi Bay) and Nananui-Ra Isld. (Nth.-Viti Levu), were exceptionally
dark, with the brown spots so dense that the milky-white base color was almost obscured. Specimens from the Nadroga and Suva
reefs were generally lighter in color, and the number of either brown or white dorsal zones varied from 0 - 4. Specimens
varied in size from 11mm - 20mm, and were either slender or squat and broad, hardly margined at all or with a pronounced
marginal callus. There should be no difficulty to select specimens from these series of shells which would match the
type-figures of C. humphreysi Gray, P. lutea yaloka Steadman & Cotton, or any other figure illustrating humphreysi in the
major monographs on the Cypraeidae.
Fijian specimens of P. l. humphreysi when compared with specimens of the species from the Great Barrier Reef, Qld.,
Australia, and those from Samoa, do not exhibit any morphological differences which would be worth chronicling. The specimens
of P. l. humphreysi from harbor dredgings of Apia Harbor (Upolu) and Asau Harbor (Savaii), Samoa, together with specimens of
Pustularia cicercula (Linnaeus) and Bistolida pallidula (Gaskoin), are new verified records from this region, and were
obtained by Mr. A. Jackson from Apia.
If we refer to the original descriptions of some Cypraeidae species, e.g. errones, caurica, helvola, poraria and staphylaea,
all established by Linnaeus (Syst. Nat., 1758), we shall realize how detailed Gray's description of humphreysi is in
comparison. Linnaeus' description of these five species consists of from 5 - 11 words and no references to figures are cited.
The elucidation of many Linnaean species has to be usually looked for in the works of revising subsequent authors.
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