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Over 60 specimens of P. humphreysi from 14 Viti Levu and Vanua Levu localities were examined, and the color pattern was found
to be highly variable; specimens from Akuilau Island (Nadi Bay) and Nananui-Ra Isld. (Nth.-Viti Levu), were exceptionally
dark, with the brown spots so dense that the milky-white base color was almost obscured. Specimens from the Nadroga and Suva
reefs were generally lighter in color, and the number of either brown or white dorsal zones varied from 0 - 4. Specimens
varied in size from 11mm - 20mm, and were either slender or squat and broad, hardly margined at all or with a pronounced
marginal callus. There should be no difficulty to select specimens from these series of shells which would match the
type-figures of C. humphreysi Gray, P. lutea yaloka Steadman & Cotton, or any other figure illustrating humphreysi in the
major monographs on the Cypraeidae.
Fijian specimens of P. l. humphreysi when compared with specimens of the species from the Great Barrier Reef, Qld.,
Australia, and those from Samoa, do not exhibit any morphological differences which would be worth chronicling. The specimens
of P. l. humphreysi from harbor dredgings of Apia Harbor (Upolu) and Asau Harbor (Savaii), Samoa, together with specimens of
Pustularia cicercula (Linnaeus) and Bistolida pallidula (Gaskoin), are new verified records from this region, and were
obtained by Mr. A. Jackson from Apia.
If we refer to the original descriptions of some Cypraeidae species, e.g. errones, caurica, helvola, poraria and staphylaea,
all established by Linnaeus (Syst. Nat., 1758), we shall realize how detailed Gray's description of humphreysi is in
comparison. Linnaeus' description of these five species consists of from 5 - 11 words and no references to figures are cited.
The elucidation of many Linnaean species has to be usually looked for in the works of revising subsequent authors.
We went back to La Paz for a night in a hotel before transferring our gear to a truck for a seven hour trip to Pulmo another
likely place for our search as a live Cypraea isabellamexicana had been taken there intertidally in March. The water and
weather were warmer there, more what we would expect of April that far south, and we were loaned a fisherman's cottage to
camp in. There was much coral, both live and dead, but after turning thousands of rocks and coral we still had not one live
C. isabellamexicana. The coral rubble rewarded us with C. albuginosa; the gorgonians harbored some lovely Neosimnia; Conus
diadema were exposed on underwater reefs; and we found Conus deli and C. tiaratus buried in sand under rocks. Some C.
tiaratus were more exposed. We also found live Aspella and Epitonium of the genus Scalina which we suspect are new species
and a couple of Phyllocoma scalariformis. But not the elusive Cypraea isabellamexicana.
One of two Cypraea aurantium being kept alive in Herb Ward's aquarium. This specimen was collected by Tommy Cruz in 50-60
feet of water off Orote Peninsula, Island of Guam, Mariana Islands, May 27, 1965. Arrows indicate eyes at base of tentacles.
The above photograph of a living Cypraea aurantium Gmelin, 1791 is believed to be another "first" for the Philippine Shell
News. We are deeply indebted to Herb Ward for sending us these rare photographs and the story.
Six live-collected golden cowries have so far been taken from water surrounding Guam. Of the five most recent specimens
collected at Orote Peninsula, four were taken by a local Guamanian fisherman named Tommy Cruz and one by Tony Elbro. The
sixth shell was found by an Air Force man at a different locality.
Herb Ward writes: "Tommy got the last two golden cowries while out in my boat on May 26. They were perfect live specimens. We
were diving in the dark, about midnight, in 50-60 feet of water when Tommy spotted them under large rocks which formed caves.
One was on the underside of a rock and the other was some yards away on the floor of a cave. I happened to swim around the
wrong side of the rocks. Some luck! The shells are now in my collection.
"They have been kept in an aquarium and one of the two has been especially active. We took the other out and cleaned it as it
was not responding well to aquarium life. A navy man named Snowdon made the photographs." [I personally know Bill Snowdon,
who is credited here, AND Bill Martin. Both were involved in taking this photograph. -- Bob Dayle, a.k.a. 'makuabob']
Dr. E. Alison Kay wrote a description of the preserved animal of Cypraea aurantium in the Journal Of The Malacological
Society Of Australia, Number 7, December, 1963, p. 50. After seeing Snowdon's [& Martin's] photographs, Dr. Kay said she was
glad to see that her interpretation of the mantle structures, based on the preserved animal, were O.K.
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